Common Issues in Rental Property Management - Tenant Abandonment

Tenants who are behind in the rent commonlyknown address, which is usually your rental
just pack up and go without saying a word to theproperty. I also advise clients to serve the notice
landlord and with time left on their lease. Whento all addresses where the tenant is likely to
you believe that your tenant has fled under coverreceive it such as work addresses or the
of darkness and that your rental property is nowaddresses of relatives stated on the rental
uninhabited, what should you do?application. The notice can be served either
The answer has two parts. First, you need topersonally or by first-class mail.
terminate the tenancy and prevent the tenantOnce the landlord serves the notice, the tenant
from returning. Where I practice in California, thehas 15 days (18 days if the notice was served by
law provides a simple method to achieve thatmail) to respond in writing. In the response, the
goal. The landlord in such a circumstance needtenant must state that he has not abandoned the
only serve a Notice of Belief of Abandonment onpremises and must provide the landlord with an
the tenant. (I provide a form notice as part of aaddress where the tenant may be served by
packet of forms that I give to my to landlordcertified mail with any eviction case. If the tenant
clients free of charge). When can the landlorddoes not provide such a writing within the 15 or
serve such a notice? The tenant must be18 day time period, then his tenancy is deemed
fourteen days behind in the rent. The landlordterminated and the landlord may re-let the
must also "reasonably believe" that the tenant haspremises. The landlord is also free to serve a
abandoned the premises.3-day notice to pay rent or quit at any time
By "reasonable belief" the law means that thepermitted by the lease.
landlord must have facts that reasonably lead himSecond, the tenant's abandonment does not
to the conclusion that the tenant has left, factscut-off his obligation to pay rent. The landlord
such as accumulating mail or newspapers,must use reasonable efforts to find a new tenant.
disconnected phone or utilities, lack of vehicles,If the landlord does so, the abandoning tenant is
failure of the tenant to answer the door, and, ifstill obligated for the rent through the end of the
it's possible to see in from the outside, theterm. The tenant's obligation ends when the
appearance that the premises are empty. Just tolandlord finds a new tenant, assuming that the
be sure, I advise clients to post a 24-hour noticenew tenant is paying the same or higher rental
of entry on the door and then return the nextrate. Once a new tenant is found, the landlord will
day and enter the premises to check if thebe able to calculate the lost rent due to the
tenant has moved out.tenant breaking the lease and may sue the
The next step is to serve the notice. The noticeformer tenant.
must be in writing and served at the tenant's last